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目的利用神经可塑性原理,应用微制造加工技术设计并制作植入式神经微电极,以探索神经电信号提取与应用的可行性。方法以硅片为电极底板,以铂铱合金丝为导线,用微制造加工技术在硅片上开孔,制作成植入式神经微电极。通过显微外科技术将电极植入大鼠坐骨神经内,经放大电路放大后,用示波器观察所提取之电信号。结果电极实物为一1 mm×1 mm的八角形物体,电极一侧为通孔,内径约300 mm,通孔周围镀有铂金,两侧各有1根导线。植入试验提示,植入后3个月,示波器观察到具有神经电信号特征的静息电位、自发电活动及动作电位。结论自行设计与制作的植入式神经微电极可提取神经电信号,该电极在实用性上明显优于目前常用的纵行神经束内电极,为神经假肢的研究提供了电极基础。
Objective To design and fabricate implanted neural microelectrodes using micromachining technology based on the principle of neural plasticity so as to explore the feasibility of extracting and applying neural electrical signals. Methods Using silicon wafer as the electrode base plate, platinum-iridium alloy wire as the lead wire, micro-fabrication and processing technology was used to open holes in the silicon wafer to fabricate implanted neural microelectrodes. Electrodes were implanted into the sciatic nerve of rats through microsurgical technique. After being amplified by the amplifying circuit, the oscilloscope was used to observe the extracted electrical signals. Results The electrode was a 1 mm × 1 mm octagonal object with a through hole on one side of the electrode and an inner diameter of about 300 mm. Platinum was plated around the through hole and one wire was on each side. Implantation experiments suggest that three months after implantation, the oscilloscope observes a resting potential, a self-generating activity, and an action potential with the characteristics of neural electrical signals. Conclusion The implanted neural microelectrodes designed and fabricated by ourselves can extract the neural signals. The electrodes are much better than those of commonly used longitudinal nerve bundles in practicality, which provides the basis for the study of neural prostheses.