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在《旧制度与大革命》中,托克维尔表达了中间体与政治自由之间存在某种相关性。本文通过对大革命时代各个政治派别的中间体理论的梳理,阐述了政治自由的丧失对中间体的影响,以及中间体在政治理论与政治实践中分道扬镳的原因。最后,文章总结了托克维尔关于中间体与政治自由之关联的理论,其有助于我们理解法国不断革命的缘由以及法国民主所面临的困境。
In Old Regimes and the Great Revolution Tocqueville expressed some correlation between the intermediary and political freedom. This paper elaborates the influence of the loss of political freedom on the intermediaries and the reason why the intermediaries are going their separate ways in the political theory and politics through the combing of the intermediary theories of various political factions in the era of the Great Revolution. Finally, the article summarizes Tocqueville’s theory of the link between intermediates and political freedom, which helps us to understand the reasons for the continuous revolution in France and the dilemmas facing French democracy.