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我们从科学思想史、科学哲学、科学知识社会学、系统科学的观点,对达尔文革命进行多视角、全方位的透视:(1)作为达尔文革命的功臣,华莱士确实受了许多委屈,对这种科学史中的“异化”现象,可以用科学知识社会学来进行解读。(2)达尔文的思想历经四次革命的飞跃。(3)达尔文的“自然选择”纲领可以用系统科学观点得到合理解释。(4)作为达尔文纲领的对立面,“宇宙完美设计”纲领仍包含合理内核和启发性。(5)借助于系统科学理解模式,进化论的科学语言与自然神论的宗教语言之间通过转译,有可能进行对话。
From the perspective of the history of scientific thought, philosophy of science, sociology of scientific knowledge and systematic science, we make a multi-perspective and comprehensive perspective on the Darwin revolution: (1) As a hero of the Darwin revolution, Wallace really suffered many grievances, This phenomenon of “alienation” in the history of science can be interpreted by sociology of scientific knowledge. (2) Darwin’s thinking goes through four revolutions. (3) Darwin’s “natural selection” program can be reasonably explained in terms of systematic science. (4) As the antithesis of the Darwinian agenda, the program “Cosmic Perfect Design” still contains a reasonable kernel and inspiration. (5) With the aid of systematic modes of scientific understanding, it is possible to engage in dialogue through translation between the scientific languages of evolutionary science and the religious languages of deism.