《义务教育数学课程标准》指出:通过义务教育阶段的数学学习,学生能“在参与观察、实验、猜想、证明、综合实践等数学活动中,发展合情推理和演绎推理能力,清晰的表达自己的想法。”那么,推理包括哪几种形式?它们又有什么样的联系?推理是数学的基本思维方式。推理一般包括合情推理和演绎推理,在解决问题的过程中,两种推理功能不同,相辅相成;合情推理用于探索思路,发现结论;演绎推理用于证明结论。现举两个例子说明一下。 The Standard of Compulsory Education Mathematics Curriculum states that through the mathematics study in the compulsory education stage, students can “expressly express the merits reasoning and deductive reasoning skills in participating in mathematics activities such as observation, experiment, guess, proof and comprehensive practice Their own ideas. ”" So, what types of forms of reasoning are involved and what are the links between them? Reasoning is the basic way of thinking in mathematics. Reasoning generally includes adherency reasoning and deductive reasoning. In the course of problem solving, the two reasoning functions are different and complement each other; coherence reasoning is used to explore ideas and discover conclusions; deductive reasoning is used to prove the conclusion. Now give two examples to explain.