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目的:探讨早期干预对早产儿体格和神经发育的影响，为开展早产儿早期干预工作提供依据。方法:连续抽取浙江省磐安县妇幼保健计划生育服务中心2017年1月至2018年6月出生的早产儿152例，根据家长意愿分为干预组（77例）和对照组（75例），对照组接受常规的系统保健和育儿指导，干预组在对照组的基础上进行有针对性的干预指导和个体化训练，分别于矫正月龄6个月及12个月进行智力发展指数（MDI）和运动发展指数（PDI）评价，比较两组早产儿矫正月龄6个月和12个月时体格和神经发育情况。结果:矫正月龄6个月和矫正月龄12个月时，干预组MDI评分高于对照组[（94.2 ± 5.2）分比（85.3 ± 6.1）分、（104.9 ± 3.9）分比（91.7 ± 5.7）分]，PDI评分也高于对照组[（93.7 ± 4.3）分比（81.7 ± 5.5）分、（96.9 ± 3.8）分比（83.9 ± 4.6）分]，差异均有统计学意义（n P < 0.05）。n 结论:对早产儿进行早期综合干预，对其体格、智力和运动能力发育有较好的效果，值得在临床上推广应用。“,”Objective:To study the effects of early intervention on physical and neurological development of premature infants.Methods:One hundred and fifty-two premature infants born in Pan′an County Maternal and Child Health Family Planning Service Center from January 2017 to June 2018 were randomly selected. According to parents′ wishes, 75 cases received regular systematic health care and parenting guidance(control group), and 77 cases received targeted intervention guidance and individualized training on the basis of the control group(intervention group). The results of mental development index (MDI) and psychomotor Development index(PDI) were evaluated at 6 and 12 months respectively.Results:Six and 12 months after treatment, the MDI scores of the intervention group were significant higher than those of the control group [(94.2 ± 5.2) scores vs. (85.3 ± 6.1) scores, (104.9 ± 3.9) scores vs. (91.7 ± 5.7) scores], the PDI scores of the intervention group were also significant higher than those of control group [93.7 ± 4.3) scores vs. (81.7 ± 5.5) scores, (96.9 ± 3.8) scores vs. (83.9 ± 4.6) scores], and there were statistical differences (n P<0.05).n Results:Early comprehensive intervention for premature infants has a good effect on their intelligence and motor ability development, which is worthy of clinical application.