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目的:研究鲫鱼胆(Maesaperlarius(Lour.)Merr.)全草的化学成分。方法:利用各种色谱技术进行分离纯化,根据理化性质和波谱分析等进行结构鉴定。结果:从该植物乙醇总浸膏的甲醇部分中分离得到2个化合物,分别鉴定为3β,16α,21β,22α四羟基齐墩果12烯28醛(1),21β,22α二当归酰氧基16α,28二羟基13β,28氧合齐墩果烷3βO{[αL鼠李糖(1→2)βD半乳糖(1→3)]βD半乳糖(1→2)}βD葡糖醛酸苷(2);1,2分别命名为鲫鱼胆皂苷元A和鲫鱼胆皂苷。结论:1和2均为新化合物,2为从该属植物中分得的第1个皂苷纯品。
OBJECTIVE: To study the chemical composition of Maesaperlarius (Lour.) Merr. Methods: Separation and purification were carried out by various chromatographic techniques. Structure identification was performed based on physicochemical properties and spectral analysis. RESULTS: Two compounds were isolated from the methanol fraction of the ethanol extract of the plant and identified as 3β, 16α, 21β, 22α tetrahydroxyoxa 12 aldehyde 28 aldehyde (1), 21β, 22α diangelic acyloxy. 16α, 28 dihydroxy 13β, 28-oxygenated oleanane 3βO {[αL rhamnose (1→2) βD galactose (1→3)] βD galactose (1→2)} βD glucuronide (2);1,2 were named as codfish galloside A and codfish galloside, respectively. Conclusions: Both 1 and 2 are new compounds and 2 is the first pure saponin product from this genus.