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[目的]探讨4个鲤鱼群体的形态学差异。[方法]综合传统形态学(可数性状、可量性状)数据和框架测定数据,通过多元变量统计分析,对黄河鲤鱼、野生四鼻须鲤鱼、养殖四鼻须鲤鱼和吴淞江苏州段鲤鱼的形态差异和种系关系进行了研究。[结果]4个群体在可数性状方面无显著差异(P>0.05);判别分析表明,4个群体的单一群体判别率分别为87.5%、78.1%、73.5%和96.8%,用优选的几项比例变量进行判别,综合判别准确率为83.7%;聚类分析表明,黄河鲤鱼群体和野生四鼻须鲤鱼群体聚为一支,养殖四鼻须鲤鱼群体和吴淞江苏州段鲤鱼群体聚为另一支;主成分分析表明,4个群体间形态差异主要系头部、尾部及鱼体垂直轴方面差异所致。[结论]为四鼻须鲤鱼这一珍贵鲤鱼品系的提纯复壮提供了理论依据。
[Objective] To investigate the morphological differences of four common carp populations. [Method] Based on the data of traditional morphological (measurable traits and measurable traits) and the data of framework measurement, through the multivariate statistical analysis, the common carp of Yellow River carp, Morphological differences and germplasm relations were studied. [Result] There was no significant difference in countable traits between the four groups (P> 0.05). The discriminant analysis showed that the discriminant rates of the four groups were 87.5%, 78.1%, 73.5% and 96.8%, respectively. Item ratio variable, the comprehensive discrimination accuracy rate was 83.7%. Cluster analysis showed that the population of Yellow Carp and Wild Four-Nasal Carp were clustered into one group, the populations of Carp and Common Carp A principal component analysis showed that the morphological differences among the four groups were mainly due to the differences in the vertical axis of the head, tail and fish body. [Conclusion] This provided a theoretical basis for the purification and rejuvenation of this precious carp line.