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目的探讨电解铝车间职业病危害因素分布及工人个体接触水平,分析其危害程度对劳动者健康的影响,评价职业病危害防护措施及其效果。方法采用职业卫生现场调查、系统工程分析、现场监测、实验室分析进行分析与评价。结果存在的主要职业病危害因素为氧化铝粉尘、二氧化硫、氟化物、一氧化碳、二氧化碳、高温、电磁辐射和噪声;该车间工人接触氧化铝粉尘、二氧化硫、氟化物、一氧化碳、二氧化碳的时间加权平均浓度合格率均为100%,工人接触噪声8 h等效声级计算结果合格率为100%,工作场所中高温、电磁辐射结果均符合要求。结论通过现场调查和检测结果表明,该电解车间预焙槽自动化程度高,防护设施运行良好,检测结果均符合职业卫生限值要求,用人单位应加强日常管理确保防护设施正常运行,加强职业健康监护防止职业病的产生。
Objective To investigate the distribution of occupational hazards and the level of exposure among workers in Electrolytic aluminum workshop, analyze the impact of the degree of harm on workers’ health, and evaluate the protective measures against occupational hazards and their effects. Methods The occupational health field survey, system engineering analysis, on-site monitoring and laboratory analysis were conducted to analyze and evaluate. Results The main risk factors for occupational diseases were alumina dust, sulfur dioxide, fluoride, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, high temperature, electromagnetic radiation and noise. The time-weighted average concentration of alumina dust, sulfur dioxide, fluoride, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide The rate was 100%, and the qualified rate of the equivalent sound level of workers exposed to noise for 8 hours was 100%. The results of medium and high temperature and electromagnetic radiation in the working place all met the requirements. Conclusion The field investigation and test results show that the pre-baking cell of the electrolysis plant has a high degree of automation and good protective facilities. The test results meet the occupational health limit requirements. The employing unit should strengthen daily management to ensure the normal operation of the protective facilities and strengthen occupational health monitoring Prevent occupational diseases.