市场制度既是对近代西方社会契约观构建社会体制的回应,也是古典政治经济学新秩序构建的核心。市场在现代社会发展进程中的基础性作用无可替代。作为西方经济制度核心的市场制度,与政治价值观的内在勾连却被有意无意地遮蔽起来。市场制度的历史生成是资本主义制度奠定的主体逻辑之一,暗含了经济自由与政治自由的双重使命,但其乌托邦本质已被实践所证明。对西方市场制度形塑的历史考察分析,有助于恰当评析西方市场制度以及科学定位中国市场改革进程。 The market system is not only a response to the construction of social system in the contract view of modern Western society but also the construction of a new order of classical political economy. The market’s fundamental role in the development of modern society is irreplaceable. As the core of the western economic system, the market system, the inherent linkages with the political values ​​have been intentionally or unintentionally concealed. The historical formation of the market system is one of the main logic laid down by the capitalist system. It implies the dual mission of economic freedom and political freedom. However, its utopian nature has been proved by practice. The historical analysis of the shaping of the western market system helps to properly evaluate the western market system and scientifically locate the course of the Chinese market reform.