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文章从引导语、言说动词和被引语三个方面对清代长篇白话小说《歧路灯》中直接引语结构成分的特点进行了考察。《歧路灯》中的引导语从不出现在被引语之后,而且所有直接引语都有引导语。言说动词“道”的使用频率极高,“道”可以单独使用,还可以组成“修饰语+道”和“言说动词+道”结构,后者中“道”的意义有所虚化,可看作标句词。“道”和“说”在引导直接引语和间接引语上存在分工差异。被引语有三层结构重叠现象,还存在一种结构分离式的复杂形式。
This essay examines the characteristics of the direct quotation structure components in the “Qufu Lamp” in the Qing Dynasty from three aspects: the introductory language, verbal verbs and the quoted language. The leading words in the “street lamp” never appear after the quoted words, and all the direct quotations have leading words. The use of the verb “道 ” is extremely frequent, “道 ” can be used alone, and can be composed of “modifiers +” and “verb + verb”, the latter of which “The meaning of some deflation, can be seen as a predicate. ”Road “ and ”Say " There is a division of labor in guiding direct quotations and indirect quotations. Quoted language has three layers of overlapping structure, there is still a complex structural separate form.