社区获得性肺炎 (CAP)是常见的呼吸道感染 ,它影响着全世界儿童的健康和生命。在欧洲和北美 ,5岁以下儿童的发病率为 30 %～ 4 0 % ,而发展中国家其发生率更高 ,其病情更严重 ,是儿科最大的杀手[1] 。 1984～ 1999年复旦大学附属儿科医院PICU 384例死亡病例的疾病谱中重症肺炎 Community acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a common respiratory infection that affects the health and lives of children worldwide. In Europe and North America, the incidence of children under 5 years of age is 30% to 40%, while in developing countries the incidence is even higher and their condition is more serious. It is the largest killer in pediatrics. 1984 to 1999 Fudan University Pediatric Hospital PICU 384 deaths in the disease spectrum of severe pneumonia