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[目的]了解红细胞分布宽度(red cell distribution width, RDW)在肝硬化患者病程中的临床意义.[方法]选取2015-11-2017-02期间在昆明总医院住院、确诊为肝硬化的128例患者(肝硬化组)作为研究对象,搜集其血常规、血生化、凝血功能检测参数,分析其主要参数与肝硬化病程之间的关系.同时从2017年2月在该院体检的人群中抽取120例作为对照组.[结果]肝硬化组RDW、血小板分布宽度(PDW)、丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、y谷氨酰转肽酶(y-GT)、总胆红素(TBil)均显著高于对照组(均P＜0.01),而血红蛋白(Hb)、红细胞计数(RBC)、红细胞压积(HCT)、血小板计数(PLT)和血清白蛋白(Alb)均显著低于对照组(均P＜0.0l).肝硬化组中失代偿期患者RDW显著高于代偿期患者,合并消化道出血患者RDW显著高于无消化道出血患者(均P＜0.0l).肝硬化患者RDW值与TBil、凝血酶原时间(PT)呈正相关,与Alb、纤维蛋白原(FIB)呈负相关(P＜0.05～0.01).[结论]RDW可以作为肝硬化患者病程进展的重要评估指标之一,可为临床诊治工作提供一定的参考价值.“,”[Objective] To explore the clinical significance of red blood cell distribution width(RDW) in the course of liver cirrhosis. [Methods]The totals of 128 hospitalized patients with liver cirrhosis in Kunming General Hospital from November 2015 to February 2017 were selected as study group. The results of the blood routine examination, blood biochemistry indexes and coagulation function indexes were collected. And the relationship between the main parameters and the course of liver cirrhosis was analyzed. Another 120 cases selected randomly from the health check-up crowd in our hospital in February 2017 were served as control group. [Results]The parameters of RDW, platelet distribution width(PDW), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), glutamyl transpeptidase(γ-GT)and total bilirubin(TBil)in liver cirrhosis group were significantly higher than those in control group(P＜0.01, respectively). However, the parameters of hemoglobin(Hb), red blood cell count (RBC), hematokrit(HCT), platelet count(PLT)and serum albumin (Alb) were significantly lower than the control group (P < 0.01, respectively). In patients with liver cirrhosis, the RDW in the decompensated group was significantly higher than that in the compensated group, and the RDW in the patients with gastrointestinal bleeding group was significantly higher than that in the non gastrointestinal bleeding group(P＜0.01,respectively). The RDW value of cirrhosis patients was positively related to TBil and prothrombin time(PT),while negatively correlated with serum Alb and fibrinogen(FIB)(P＜0.05-0.01). [Conclusion] RDW can be used as one of the important indexes for evaluating the progress of liver cirrhosis patients. It can provide some reference value for clinical diagnosis and treatment.