1840年,清道光二十年,爆发了英国侵略中国的鸦片战争。清政府在鸦片战争中失败,被迫与英国签订第一个不平等条约——《南京条约》。割地赔款,丧权辱国,中国逐步沦为半殖民地半封建社会。人们惊呼这是“三千年未有的大变局”。鸦片战争的冲击和由此引起的“变局”,不能不在思想文化上反映出来。以诗而言,当时以这次战争及社会状况为题材的诗歌数量很多,林则徐、龚自 In 1840, two decades after the Qing dynasty, the British Opium War broke out in China. The Qing government failed during the Opium War and was forced to sign the first unequal treaty with Britain, the “Nanjing Treaty.” Cease-and-pay compensation, humiliation and shame, China gradually reduced to semi-colonial semi-feudal society. People exclaimed that this was “a major change that has not occurred in three thousand years.” The impact of the Opium War and the resulting “change” can not but be reflected in the ideological and cultural. In terms of poetry, there were many poems on the theme of this war and social conditions. Lin Zexu, Gong Zi