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一、引言世界各主要产煤国家,在采掘和煤炭洗选过程中排出的煤矸石数量很大。我国煤矿积存的矸石已在10亿吨以上,如果按排矸量占原煤产量的20％计算,那么,每年新增加的矸石有1亿吨之多。随着煤炭产量增加,排出矸石的数量也要相应增加。如何使大量矸石变废为宝,变害为利,并且把它作为一种资源,已经引起国内外科技工作者的注意。其中以西欧、东欧各国尤为重视,美、日、澳大利亚次之。矸石不仅可以作为劣质燃料,也可作为建筑材料和工业原料。例如,有的矸石可用于沸腾炉和气化炉;有的矸石经过加工处理后,可以作为
I. INTRODUCTION The major coal-producing countries in the world have large quantities of coal gangue discharged during excavation and coal washing. China’s coal mines have accumulated more than 1 billion tons of waste rock, if by gangue accounted for 20% of the total output of coal, then the annual increase of more than 100 million tons of waste rock. With the increase of coal output, the amount of discharged waste rock should also be correspondingly increased. How to make a lot of waste rock turned treasure, turning harm into profits, and to use it as a resource, has attracted the attention of domestic and foreign scientists. Among them, Western Europe and Eastern European countries attach great importance to the United States, Japan and Australia. Waste rock can not only be used as a poor fuel, but also as a building material and industrial raw materials. For example, some gangue can be used for boiling furnace and gasifier; some gangue after processing, can be used as