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[目的]了解顺义区禽流感高危职业人群职业防护现状,为制定高危职业人群职业防护策略提供科学依据。[方法]2006年4~5月,对北京市顺义区禽类饲养、屠宰企业中部分从业人员进行调查。[结果]调查191人,穿防护服、戴口罩、戴帽子(头套)、戴手套、穿鞋套或胶鞋、戴防护镜、采用消毒洗浴防护措施的分别占85.34%、67.54%、78.01%、81.15%、84.29%、16.75%、68.06%,7种防护措施均采用者仅占15.71%。7种防护措施均采用者所占比例,17~39岁和40~62岁的分别为17.43%、13.41%(P>0.05),男性与女性分别为14.05%、18.57%(P>0.05),文化程度小学及以下、中学(中专)与大专以上者分别为8.11%、14.60%和41.18%(P<0.05),合资企业、国有集体企业和个体企业人员分别为60.00%、3.33%和36.67%(P<0.05),大型、中型、小型企业人员分别为36.51%、0.00%和8.24%(P<0.05)。[结论]高危职业人群各种职业防护措施采用率均较低;采用率的高低与文化程度、所有制形式和规模有关。
[Objective] To understand the status quo of occupational protection in high-risk occupational groups of bird flu in Shunyi District and provide a scientific basis for formulating occupational protection strategies for high-risk occupational groups. [Method] From April to May 2006, some employees in poultry raising and slaughtering enterprises in Shunyi District of Beijing were surveyed. [Results] A total of 191 persons were surveyed, wearing protective clothing, wearing a mask, wearing a cap (headgear), wearing gloves, wearing a shoe cover or rubber shoes, wearing protective glasses and taking disinfecting bath protection measures accounted for 85.34%, 67.54% and 78.01% 81.15%, 84.29%, 16.75% and 68.06% respectively. Only 15.71% of the users used the seven kinds of protective measures. Seven kinds of protective measures were used by the proportion of users, 17 to 39 years old and 40 to 62 years old were 17.43%, 13.41% (P> 0.05), male and female were 14.05%, 18.57% (P> 0.05) Students with primary school education or below, middle school (secondary technical school) and college education were 8.11%, 14.60% and 41.18% respectively (P <0.05), while those in joint ventures, state-owned collective enterprises and individual enterprises were 60.00%, 3.33% and 36.67 % (P <0.05). The numbers of large, medium and small enterprises were 36.51%, 0.00% and 8.24% respectively (P <0.05). [Conclusion] The adoption rate of occupational protective measures in high-risk occupational groups is low. The adoption rate is related to the educational level, ownership form and scale.