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目的初步调查北京地区2~12岁健康儿童和哮喘儿童中睡眠呼吸障碍常见症状的发生率,比较二者的差异。方法2002年6月至2003年6月间对北京6个近郊区县随机整群抽取6193例2~12岁健康儿童和北京儿童医院呼吸疾病专业门诊随机抽取的200例2~12岁缓解期哮喘儿童,由专人负责对家长进行儿童睡眠状况问卷调查。结果哮喘儿童睡眠障碍症状发生率为47·0%(94例)。其中睡眠频繁鼾症发生率为11·0%(22例),喉头哽咽1·5%(3例),张口呼吸13·0%(26例),睡眠呼吸暂停1·5%(3例),磨牙8·0%(16例),梦呓7·0%(14例),梦游0·5%(1例),睡眠中肢体抽动4·0%(8例),睡眠不安28·5%(57例)。哮喘儿童睡眠障碍发生率较无呼吸道疾病的正常儿童高,其中睡眠频繁打鼾、睡眠不安、张口呼吸和睡眠呼吸暂停的发生率差异存在显著性意义(P<0·05)。结论哮喘儿童睡眠障碍发生率高于无呼吸道疾病的正常儿童,其中睡眠频繁打鼾、睡眠不安、张口呼吸和睡眠呼吸暂停的发生率差异存在显著性意义,应引起重视。对哮喘儿童睡眠障碍的防治应进行进一步研究。
Objective To investigate the prevalence of common symptoms of sleep-disordered breathing in healthy children and asthmatic children aged 2-12 years in Beijing and to compare the differences between them. Methods From June 2002 to June 2003, 6193 healthy children aged 2 to 12 years old and Beijing Children’s Hospital Respiratory Diseases Outpatient were randomly selected from 6 suburban districts and counties of Beijing to randomly select 200 cases of 2 to 12 years old remission asthma Children, by hand, is responsible for parents of children’s sleep status questionnaire. Results The incidence of sleep disorders in asthmatic children was 47.0% (94 cases). Among them, the incidence of frequent snoring in sleep was 11.0% (22 cases), laryngeal choking was 1.5% (3 cases), mouth breathing was 13.0% (26 cases) and sleep apnea was 1.5% (3 cases) , 8.0% of molars (16 cases), 7% of dreams (14 cases), 0.5% of sleepwalking (1 case), 4.0% (8 cases) of limb twitch during sleep, restless sleep 28.5% (57 cases). The incidence of sleep disorders in asthmatic children was higher than that in normal children without respiratory diseases. There was significant difference in incidence of frequent snoring, restlessness, open mouth breathing and sleep apnea among children with asthma (P <0.05). Conclusions The incidence of sleep disorders in children with asthma is higher than that in normal children without respiratory diseases. Among them, the incidence of frequent snore sleep, restless sleep, mouth breathing and sleep apnea have significant significance, which should be paid more attention. Prevention and treatment of sleep disorders in children with asthma should be further studied.