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研究了安徽宣城、六安和合肥茶区不同茶园土壤氟含量及在茶树体内的富集与转运特征,探讨了茶树根际和非根际土壤氟的有效性特征及其在茶树体内的累积规律.结果表明,安徽省典型茶园表层土壤全氟含量为:六安黄棕壤(319.7 mg.kg-1)>宣城黄红壤(316.6 mg.kg-1)>合肥黄褐土(311.3 mg.kg-1),均低于我国土壤总氟背景值(478 mg.kg-1),并呈现一定的表层富集现象.表层土壤的水溶性氟含量则为:合肥黄褐土(5.32 mg.kg-1)>宣城黄红壤(3.32 mg.kg-1)>六安黄棕壤(2.65 mg.kg-1),根际土壤中水溶性氟含量也高于非根际土壤.不同茶园茶树体内氟含量有较大差异,但均呈现成叶>落叶>嫩叶>根、茎的规律.茶树嫩叶氟含量在108.2—184.3 mg.kg-1之间,低于农业部茶叶氟含量安全限量标准(≤200 mg.kg-1);而成叶中氟含量较高(531.0—1155.2 mg.kg-1).茶树对土壤氟具有较强的富集和运输能力,茶园表层土壤全氟和水溶性氟在茶树成熟叶片的富集系数分别在1.71—3.65和99.8—348之间,氟由根部向叶片的转移系数在9.7—25.5之间.研究结果可为土壤氟在茶树体内的富集及其对茶叶质量安全的影响评价提供依据.
In this paper, the content of fluorine in different tea plantations and their enrichment and transport in tea plantations in Xuancheng, Lu’an and Hefei were studied, and the availability of fluorine in rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soil of tea plantations and its accumulation in tea plants The results showed that the total fluorine content in surface soil of the typical tea plantation in Anhui Province was as follows: Lu’an yellow brown soil (319.7 mg.kg-1)> Xuancheng yellow-red soil (316.6 mg.kg-1)> Hefei yellow brown soil (311.3 mg .kg-1) were lower than the total background of fluorine in the soil in our country (478 mg.kg-1), and showed some surface enrichment.The water-soluble fluorine content in the topsoil: Hefei yellow cinnamon soil (5.32 mg .kg-1)> Xuancheng yellow-red soil (3.32 mg.kg-1)> Lu’an yellow-brown soil (2.65 mg.kg-1) .The water-soluble fluorine content in rhizosphere soil was also higher than that in non-rhizosphere soil. The contents of fluoride in tea plantations varied greatly, but all showed the rules of leaf-forming> deciduous> tender> roots and stems. The content of fluorine in tea leaves was 108.2-184.3 mg.kg-1, lower than that of Ministry of Agriculture Content safety limit (≤200 mg.kg-1), while the content of fluorine in the leaves was higher (531.0-1155.2 mg.kg-1). Tea tree had stronger enrichment and transport capacity for soil fluorine. Perfluoro and water-soluble The enrichment coefficients of sexual fluorine in the mature leaves of Camellia sinensis were between 1.71-3.65 and 99.8-348, respectively, and the transfer coefficients of fluoride from the roots to the leaves were between 9.7 and 25. The results of this study can be summarized as follows: It provides the basis for the evaluation of the impact of tea quality and safety.