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在土质隧道的施工中,一般都是先采用超前支护后,进行预留核心土的开挖方式进行开挖,开挖方式一般都采取CRD法、双侧壁导坑法、三台阶预留核心土法,这些方法都由于施工空间狭小,导致开挖、支护施工速度较慢,在施工过程中,很容易出现大变形和坍塌,虽然采取了超前支护进行土质改善,但由于超前支护施工质量受很多因素的影响,此类方法很难从根本上解决土质隧道开挖不能及时支护,变形不可控制的问题。为了能够在开挖、支护这段时间内控制住隧道的变形和坍塌,还必须从土质的本身密实度方面进行改善,采用在隧道周边打设周边眼后,安装炸药进行爆破强夯,使得开挖轮廓线外密实度大大提高,形成护拱,再进行机械人工开挖,可以从根本上解决土质隧道在开挖、支护期间隧道的稳定性,确保施工安全,并可以降低工程成本。
In the construction of soil tunnels, excavation is usually carried out after advanced support and excavation of the core soil is reserved. Generally, the excavation methods adopt the CRD method, the double-wall pilot method, and the three steps reserve The core soil method, these methods are due to the construction space is small, resulting in excavation, support construction slower, during construction, it is prone to large deformation and collapse, although the advance support for soil improvement, but due to advance Protecting the quality of construction is affected by many factors. It is difficult for such methods to fundamentally solve the problem that earth tunnel can not be supported in time and the deformation can not be controlled. In order to be able to control the deformation and collapse of the tunnel during the excavation and the support, the improvement of the density of the soil itself must be further improved. After installing the perimeter eyes around the tunnel, explosives are installed for dynamic compaction, Excavation contour density greatly increased, the formation of arching, and then mechanical excavation, can fundamentally solve the earth tunnel during excavation, support during the tunnel stability, to ensure construction safety, and can reduce construction costs.