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夏鲧是中国古代颇具争议的神话历史人物,在传统儒家主流文化体系中,他是恶名昭著的“四凶”之一,而在神话传说和其它文献记载中,他又是治水未成身先死的悲剧英雄,历代对夏鲧死因的争论虽绵延不绝却又莫衷一是。本文从历代关于夏鲧死因的几种主要观点的分析入手,结合“夏鲧作城”的文献记载,将夏鲧置身于氏族社会向文明时代过渡的时代背景之下,探讨其被杀的深层原因,重新确立其作为时代先行者和治水英雄的历史文化地位。
As one of the most controversial historical figures in ancient China, Xia Xun is one of the notorious “four fierce” people in the traditional Confucian mainstream culture system. In myths and legends and other documents, The first dead tragedy hero, the debate over the cause of death of summer cousins, though endless but inextricably. This article starts from the analysis of several major views on the cause of death of Xia Du, combining with the literature records of Xia Duo for City, exposing Xia Yu to the background of the transition from clan society to civilized age, The deep-seated reason, re-establishes its historical and cultural status as a pioneer of the times and hero of flood control.