对我所1978~1985年施行的距肛缘4~8cm的直肠癌保留自然肛门手术73例进行了分析。介绍选用的三种术式及选择原则。引用国内外关于直肠癌淋巴转移病理学研究材料说明低位直肠癌保留肛门手术的可行性。与同期施行的Miles术进行比较,显示两类术式的生存率无显著差异,而本术式生活质量较高,但远期效果有待证明。 The analysis of 73 cases of rectal cancer with natural anal surgery performed from 1978 to 1985 was performed. Introduce the three surgical methods and selection principles. Citation of materials for pathological studies of lymph node metastasis at home and abroad explains the feasibility of low rectal cancer rectal surgery. Compared with the Miles technique performed in the same period, it shows that there is no significant difference in the survival rate of the two types of surgical procedures. However, the quality of life of this surgical procedure is higher, but the long-term effect remains to be proved.