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目的对上颌前牙区早期种植修复的软组织美学效果进行临床观察及分析。方法 12例上颌单颗前牙早期种植修复的患者,拔牙后早期植入Zimmer TSV种植体,术后6个月,氧化锆全冠永久修复。修复后6、12个月,评估种植体存留率,进行粉红美学评分(PES),并进行统计分析。结果随访期间,12颗种植体存留率为100%。修复6个月PES总分为(9.20±2.83)分,12个月为(8.91±2.90)分,比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。有4例患者因牙周疾病缺牙,其修复后较其他患者近中龈乳头(P<0.05)及远中龈乳头(P<0.05)更低。薄龈生物型有5例患者,该类患者修复后远中龈乳头高度较其他患者更低平(P<0.05)、牙槽骨缺损更严重(P<0.05)。结论经短期临床观察,上颌前牙区早期种植能获得良好的软组织美学效果,但仍需长期观察及进一步研究。
Objective To observe and analyze the aesthetic effect of soft tissue repaired in early period of maxillary anterior teeth. Methods Twelve patients with early maxillary single anterior teeth were implanted with Zimmer TSV implants at the early stage after tooth extraction. The coronal zirconium oxide was permanently repaired 6 months after the operation. At 6 and 12 months after repair, the implant survival rate was assessed and the Pink Esthetics Score (PES) was calculated and statistically analyzed. Results During follow-up, the retention rate of 12 implants was 100%. The total PES score at 6 months after repair was (9.20 ± 2.83) points and (8.91 ± 2.90) points at 12 months, with no significant difference (P> 0.05). Four patients had periodontal disease due to tooth loss, which was lower than those in other patients (P <0.05) and distal median papilla (P <0.05) after repair. There were 5 patients with gingival biopsy. The height of the distal gingival papilla in these patients was lower than those in other patients (P <0.05), and the alveolar bone defect was more serious (P <0.05). Conclusion Short-term clinical observation shows that good early aesthetic effect of anterior maxillary anterior teeth area can be obtained. However, long-term observation and further study are needed.