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目的探讨燃煤型地方性氟中毒对儿童智力发育的影响。方法于2006年11月在燃煤型地方性氟中毒轻、中、重病区和非病区中均随即抽取20名8～12岁符合条件的儿童作为研究对象。对选定的研究对象进行氟斑牙患病情况检查,并采用《瑞文测验-联合型图册》(中国农村版)进行智力水平测试。采集晨尿,运用氟离子选择电极法检测尿氟浓度。结果氟斑牙病情越重的儿童尿氟浓度越高(P<0.01),不同氟斑牙病情儿童之间智商值的差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),儿童的智商值随着氟斑牙病情的加重而逐渐降低,智商值与尿氟浓度之间存在负相关关系(P<0.01)。智力测试的各项分值测验结果中,比较推理能力、系列关系能力和抽象推理能力在不同病情儿童各组中的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而知觉辨别能力和类同比较能力在不同病情儿童各组中差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论长期高氟暴露对儿童的智力发育将产生不良的影响,以抽象逻辑思维能力的损伤为主。
Objective To explore the effect of coal-based endemic fluorosis on children’s mental development. Methods In November 2006, 20 eligible children aged 8-12 years were enrolled in the light, moderate, and severe ward and non-ward of coal-fired endemic fluorosis. The selected subjects were examined for the prevalence of dental fluorosis, and intelligence tests were conducted using the “Raven Test - Joint Atlas” (Rural China Edition). Morning urine was collected, fluoride ion-selective electrode method was used to detect urine fluoride concentration. Results The children with fluorosis had more urinary fluoride (P <0.01). There was significant difference in IQ between children with different dental fluorosis (P <0.01). The children with IQ Dental conditions aggravate and gradually reduce the IQ value and urinary fluoride concentration there is a negative correlation (P <0.01). Among the scores of intelligence test, the scores of comparison reasoning ability, series relationship abstraction ability and abstract reasoning ability in different disease groups were statistically significant (P <0.05), while the ability of perceptual discrimination and similar ability There was no significant difference in different groups of children (P> 0.05). Conclusion Long-term high fluoride exposure will have an adverse effect on children’s intellectual development, with the damage of abstract logical thinking as the dominant factor.