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为了解污染程度不同的湿地中线虫群落功能结构的变化,于2011年10月对大庆油田附近受含油污水影响程度不同的4个典型湿地进行调查.共分离得到4 229条土壤线虫,隶属于24科32属,其中,食细菌性线虫和食真菌性线虫是研究区域的主要营养类群.研究结果表明,不同污染程度的含油污水中土壤线虫群落的个体数量、种类组成和营养类群均存在一定差异,其中,随着污染程度的增加,土壤线虫的个体密度呈递减趋势,且群落间差异显著(P<0.01).c-p类群组成结构特征结果表明:c-p2类群所占比例最大,其次是c-p1和c-p3类群,生活策略以r-对策为主,受含油污水的影响,线虫通过大量繁殖来应对环境的干扰.各污染样地土壤线虫的富集指数(EI)均大于50,结构指数(SI)均小于50,表明受污染样地受干扰程度较高,土壤食物网受一定程度干扰,而未污染样地富集指数(EI)小于50,结构指数(SI)大于50,表明未污染样地无干扰,食物网处于结构化状态.土壤理化性状与线虫营养类群及c-p类群存在明显的相关关系.本研究表明含油污水对土壤线虫群落功能结构存在一定的影响,土壤线虫可作为受含油污水污染的土壤生态系统中一个重要的生物指示因子.
In order to understand the changes of functional structure of nematode communities in wetlands with different levels of pollution, 4 typical wetlands with different degrees of oily wastewater were investigated in Daqing Oilfield in October 2011. A total of 4 229 soil nematodes were isolated, belonging to 24 Which belong to 32 genera, among which, foodborne nematodes and fungous nematodes are the main nutrition groups in the study area.The results show that there are some differences in the number of individuals, species composition and nutrition groups of soil nematode communities in oily wastewater with different levels of pollution, Among them, with the increase of pollution degree, the individual density of soil nematodes decreased and the difference between the two communities was significant (P <0.01) .The structural features of cp group showed that the c-p2 group had the largest proportion, followed by c- p1 and c-p3, and the strategy of living was dominated by r-measures, and the nematode interfered with the environment through the multiplication of oil-contaminated water.The enrichment index (EI) of soil nematodes in all the contaminated plots was more than 50, The index (SI) was less than 50, indicating that the contaminated plots were disturbed to a higher degree, soil food web was disturbed to a certain extent, while the uncontaminated plots of enrichment index (EI) was less than 50 and the structural index (SI) There was no interference in the bright and contaminated plots, and the food web was in a structured state. There was a clear correlation between the soil physical and chemical properties and the nematode nutrition groups and the cp groups. The results showed that oily wastewater had some effects on the functional structure of soil nematode communities. An important bioindicator of soil ecosystems contaminated with oily wastewater.