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目的:分析支原体肺炎的临床特征和转归,提高对小儿支原体肺炎的认识与诊治。方法:选择符合肺炎支原体肺炎诊断标准的住院患儿80例进行回顾性体分析。结果:本次有男性患儿44例,女性患儿36例,有上呼吸道感染症状17例,下呼吸道感染症状63例,合并有肺外并发症29例,按年龄段分,3岁以下包括3岁的患儿占11.0%,3~7岁(包括7岁)的患儿占27.2%,7岁级以上患儿占20.2%,各组间的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。另外,支原体肺炎呈多系统损害,阿奇霉素序贯治疗后好转,治愈率98.751%。结论:对肺炎支原体肺炎患儿应高度重视,及时检查,及早发现,对症治疗,使患者早日康复。大环内酯类是小儿肺炎支原体肺炎的首选抗生素,阿奇霉素治疗肺炎支原体感染的疗效确切,疗程短。可疑肺炎支原体感染,内酰胺类抗生素治疗无效,临床考虑支原体肺炎,做到早期治疗,以减少肺外病变的发生。
Objective: To analyze the clinical features and prognosis of mycoplasma pneumonia and to improve the understanding and diagnosis of mycoplasma pneumonia in children. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 80 hospitalized children with mycoplasma pneumoniae diagnostic criteria was performed. Results: There were 44 male cases and 36 female cases. There were 17 cases of upper respiratory tract infection and 63 cases of lower respiratory tract infection. There were 29 cases of extrapulmonary complication with age less than 3 years old Children aged 3 years accounted for 11.0%, children aged 3 to 7 years old (including 7 years old) accounted for 27.2%, children over 7 years old accounted for 20.2%, the difference between the groups was statistically significant (P <0.05). In addition, mycoplasma pneumonia was more systemic damage, azithromycin improved after sequential treatment, the cure rate was 98.751%. Conclusion: Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia children should attach great importance to timely detection, early detection, symptomatic treatment, so that patients recover soon. Macrolides are the first choice antibiotics in children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia. Azithromycin is effective in treating Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection with short course of treatment. Suspected mycoplasma pneumonia infection, lactam antibiotics ineffective, clinical consideration of mycoplasma pneumonia, early treatment, to reduce the incidence of extrapulmonary lesions.