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一、广州的地理位置和地形概况广州位于珠江三角洲的北部边缘,白云山脉从东北方逶迤而来,止于越秀。其余地区大部皆为平原,水网纵横,只有若干岗地错落其间,宛如海岛。广州附近的地形可简分为以下三大类型: (1) 低山与丘陵主要分布于市郊的东北方,近而易见的为白云山,海拔380多米,比海拔70多米的越秀山高出数倍。这条山脉向东北方延伸为分布于从化、增城和龙门三县的南昆山,其中高峰有超过1,000米的。这些山丘大都是花岗岩、片麻岩、变质砂页岩等较坚硬的岩石所成,抵抗侵蚀能力较强,所以地形比较高峻。加之越秀山的南侧有大致东—西向的高要—博罗大断层;白云山的两侧又有东北—西南向的断层;因此山丘和平原的界线相当明显。
I. Geographic Location and Topography of Guangzhou Guangzhou is located on the northern edge of the Pearl River Delta. The Baiyun Mountains come from the northeast and end in Yuexiu. Most of the rest of the area is plain, and the water network is vertical and horizontal. Only a few fields are scattered in the middle, like islands. The landforms near Guangzhou can be classified into the following three types: (1) Low mountains and hills are mainly distributed in the northeast of the suburbs. Baiyun Mountain, which is easily visible, is more than 380 meters above sea level. It is higher than Yuexiu Mountain, which is more than 70 meters above sea level. Times. This mountain range extends northeast to Nankun Mountain in the three counties of Conghua, Zengcheng and Longmen, where the peak is over 1,000 meters. Most of these hills are made of hard rocks such as granites, gneisses and metamorphic sand shales. They have strong resistance to erosion, so the topography is relatively high. In addition to the south side of Yuexiu Mountain, there is a roughly east-west direction of the Gaoyao-Boluo fault; on both sides of the Baiyun Mountain, there are faults from northeast to southwest; therefore, the boundary between the hills and the plain is quite obvious.