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目的研制具有稳定、长效杀灭血吸虫尾蚴的氯硝柳胺控释扩散剂,并观察其杀灭血吸虫尾蚴的效果。方法以95%氯硝柳胺为原药,与助溶剂、扩散剂、玉米芯漂浮性载体,按一定配比和工艺混合加工制成颗粒状氯硝柳胺控释扩散剂;在氯硝柳胺浓度为0.1~0.5 mg/L的扩散溶液和脱氯水中各加入血吸虫尾蚴1 500条,混匀,10 m in后各放入实验昆明鼠10只,感染30 m in,饲养35 d,剖杀收集成虫并计数,观察控释扩散剂扩散溶液影响尾蚴攻击的效果。结果在10L水的水体表面(直径30 cm)中心放7 g控释扩散剂(含氯硝柳胺360 mg),在不相等时间间隔换水20%的情况下,水体中能稳定维持氯硝柳胺浓度在0.3~0.4 mg/L 27 d;含0.1 mg/L氯硝柳胺的扩散溶液,在35 m in内不能杀死尾蚴,但可减弱尾蚴的活动能力,能使70%昆明鼠不被感染;含0.2 mg/L氯硝柳胺的扩散溶液,在35 m in内有10%尾蚴被杀死,能使100%昆明鼠不被感染;含0.3 mg/L氯硝柳胺的扩散溶液,在35 m in内有100%尾蚴被杀死,随浓度的加大完全杀死尾蚴的时间缩短。结论氯硝柳胺控释扩散剂有较好的扩散性、持效性和稳定性,并有很好的杀灭水体中尾蚴的作用。
OBJECTIVE To develop a controlled release dispersant of niclosamide with stable and long-lasting killing of cercariae of Schistosoma japonicum and to observe the effect of killing nicotine cercariae. Methods 95% niclosamide as the original drug, and cosolvent, dispersant, corn cob buoyant carrier, according to a certain ratio and process of mixing made of granular niclosamide controlled release diffuser; 1 500 of Schistosoma japonicum cercariae were added to the diffusion solution and dechlorination water with the concentration of 0.1-0.5 mg / L, respectively. After 10 m in each, 10 Kunming mice were inoculated and infected for 30 min, The adults were collected and counted to observe the effect of controlled release diffusant diffusion solution on cercariae attack. Results 7 g of controlled release dispersant (containing niclosamide 360 mg) was placed on the surface of water (diameter 30 cm) of 10 L of water. Under the condition of 20% water change at unequal time intervals, the chlorophyll The concentration of niclosamide was 0.3-0.4 mg / L for 27 days. When the solution containing 0.1 mg / L niclosamide was not able to kill cercariae within 35 minutes, it could reduce the activity of cercariae and make 70% of Kunming mice Was not infected; with 0.2 mg / L niclosamide diffusion solution, 10% of cercariae were killed within 35 mins, making 100% of Kunming mice not infected; containing 0.3 mg / L of niclosamide In the diffusion solution, 100% of the cercariae were killed within 35 mins, and the time to completely kill the cercaria was shortened as the concentration increased. CONCLUSION Niclosamide controlled release dispersant has good diffusion, persistence and stability, and has a good effect of killing cercariae in water.