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我国作为一个以农为本,农民人数比例很高的发展中国家,农业生产一直都是最基本的物质保障。随着世界的发展、社会的进步,必须大力开展现代新型农业,提高农业生产力,才能适应社会的需求。作物的品种及栽培管理技术成为决定高产、稳产、优质的两大要素,而杂种优势的利用已成为作物增产的重要手段,优质品种不仅可以提高产量水平,还可育成性状更为优良的新品种。目前,国内、外广泛应用的育种方法是杂交育种,它不仅应用于常规品种的选育,也是选育不育系最基本的方法。此外,诱变育种、倍性育种等都要与杂
As a developing country with a high proportion of peasants and farmers in China, agricultural production has always been the most basic material guarantee. With the development of the world and the progress of society, we must vigorously carry out modern new-type agriculture and raise agricultural productivity so as to meet the needs of the society. Crop varieties and cultivation management techniques have become the two major determinants of high yield, stable yield and high quality. However, the utilization of heterosis has become an important method for increasing crop yield. High quality varieties can not only increase yield but also breed new varieties with better characters . At present, the breeding method widely used at home and abroad is hybrid breeding. It is not only applied to the breeding of conventional varieties, but also the most basic method of breeding sterile lines. In addition, mutagenesis, ploidy breeding, etc. must be mixed