Estimation of crop residue in China based on a Monte Carlo analysis

来源 :Chinese Journal of Population,Resources and Environment | 被引量 : 0次 | 上传用户:wws5245
下载到本地 , 更方便阅读
声明 : 本文档内容版权归属内容提供方 , 如果您对本文有版权争议 , 可与客服联系进行内容授权或下架
论文部分内容阅读
Accurate crop residue resource estimation is important for bioenergy development.This is done by the ratio of residue to grain(R/G),which is usually regarded constant and is widely used for crop residue estimation though uncertainty is inevitable in practice.In this study,a Monte Carlo algorithm was applied to estimate national crop residue by R/G taken from published reports in China.The estimated result was further mapped in pixels by geographic information system.In2009,the amount of crop residue was found to be 802.32 million tons(Mt),with 679.36 and 947.28 Mt as the lower and upper limits for 95%confidence limits.Chinese crop residue was dominated by rice,wheat,and corn,accounting for74.57%(598.29 Mt).From 1949 to 2009,the amount of crop residue increased by four times,accompanied by component change.The spatial distribution of crop residue in China is markedly heterogeneous.Compared to the shortage of crop residue in northwest China,there is an abundant crop residue of about 334 Mt in eastern China,attracting 90%of the country’s electricity or heat generation plants. Accurate crop residue resource estimation is important for bioenergy development. This is done by the ratio of residue to grain (R / G), which is usually seen constant and is widely used for crop residue estimation though uncertainty is inevitable in practice. , a Monte Carlo algorithm was applied to estimate national crop residue by R / G taken from published reports in China. the estimated result was was mapped in pixels by geographic information system. In2009, the amount of crop residue was found to be 802.32 million tons (Mt) with 679.36 and 947.28 Mt as the lower and upper limits for 95% confidence limits. Chinese crop residue was dominated by rice, wheat, and corn, accounting for 74.57% (598.29 Mt). From 1949 to 2009, the amount of crop residue increased by four times, accompanied by component change. The spatial distribution of crop residue in China is markedly heterogeneous. Compared to the shortage of crop residue in northwest China, there is an abundant crop residue of about 334 Mt in eastern China, attracting 90% of the country’s electricity or heat generation plants.
其他文献
地震断腿女孩为家乡跳舞义演廖智在汶川大地震中失去了深爱的女儿和跳舞的双腿,但热爱跳舞的23岁的她选择了坚强面对:她用残缺的肢体在鼓上演绎力与美。如 Earthquake broke
放假了,终于可以出去玩了。金融海啸的阴影还未远去,我们当然得能省则省,“穷游”才是这个夏天的王道。什么?3000美元环游世界?14000元人民币游欧洲四国?这都不算穷游了,我们
传统的班级黑板报大多是由少数几名中队干部或字写得好的学生按老师的指示用粉笔书写完成,绝大部分学生都没有参与进去,得不到锻炼,也享受不到成功的喜悦。而展示型板报,就是
今天,老师教我们怎样快速地记住一些事物。  老师说:“假如家里要买很多东西,我们怎样记在心里而不漏掉一个?”他在黑板上写着:帽子、眼镜、牙刷、牙膏、衬衣、裤子、袜子、鞋子。老师刚刚写完,刘洋就举手说:“我会背了!”说着,他一口气背完了。我们惊讶地问他怎么背这么快。他摸摸头,就说帽子,摸摸眼睛,就记住了眼镜。哈哈,我们明白了,原来这些东西都与我们身体有关,按照从头到脚的顺序来记,当然不会错了。  老
1. 阅读下面的诗歌,回答诗后的问题。  途径秦始皇墓  许 浑  龙盘虎踞树层层,势入浮云亦是崩。  一种青山秋草里,路人唯拜汉文陵。  (1)这首诗写了哪两个画面?各表现了怎样的情感?        (2)从全诗看,诗人主要采用了什么
伯利恒钢铁公司正努力免遭破产的厄运。为争取时效,威廉斯出售资产,贷款营运。只要使公司撑下去那就成功了。1982年,伯利恒公司决定关闭纽约拉卡瓦纳部分的大工厂时,当时的
一、教学背景1.教学内容(1)词汇:will,skip,fly,very,park(2)句型:由 will 引导的一般将来时(注:教材内容见文后的附录1。)2.教学目标(1)知识目标①能听、说、读、写单词 wi
课堂教学是一个动态发展的过程,其间充满了许多变数,需要在教学的时候根据临场的变化对先前的预设加以修正和改变,以丰富和变化教学吸引学生,使学生始终专注于课堂,专注于学
山中恒是日本最畅销的儿童文学作家,他写的故事风靡日本校园。少年儿童出版社最新引进了他的《我是她,她是我》《今夜离家出走》等6本畅销书(上期“邮购小超市”已有介绍)。
宋庆龄同志故居坐落在北京风景秀丽的什刹海后海北沿。门前水天相映、碧波涟漪,堤岸杨柳轻扬,院内曲径回廊,楼堂亭榭;湖水环绕,山石嶙峋;绿树浓荫,花香四溢。是一 Former Resi