传染性单核细胞增多症(IM)是由EB病毒引起的急性或亚急性感染。临床少见,以儿童和青壮年为主。IM一般病程较短,预后较好,个别暴发型患者可死于脾破裂、脑膜脑炎和心肌炎。文献报导,近年来暴发型IM病例有增加趋势。IM的临床表现与许多疾病有共同点,鉴别诊断很重要。我科于1984年收治一例老年IM,病初曾诊为原发性巨球蛋白血症(WM),病历报告如下: ×××,男,59岁,因发热(38.5℃)、咳嗽、 Infectious mononucleosis (IM) is an acute or sub-acute infection caused by Epstein-Barr virus. Clinical rare, mainly children and young adults. IM generally shorter duration, the prognosis is good, individual patients with fulminant disease may die of splenic rupture, meningoencephalitis and myocarditis. Reported in the literature, in recent years, there is an increasing trend of fulminant IM cases. The clinical manifestations of IM are in common with many diseases and differential diagnosis is important. My Section in 1984 admitted to an elderly IM, early diagnosis of primary macroglobulinemia (WM), medical records are as follows: × × ×, male, 59 years old, due to fever (38.5 ℃), cough,