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目的了解深圳市妇女子宫颈人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)感染流行病学特征。方法应用聚合酶链反应(PCR)结合反向寡核苷酸探针斑点杂交技术对深圳市妇幼保健院近5年参加子宫颈癌筛查的HPV感染者基因亚型进行分析。结果参加宫颈癌筛查9683人,HPV阳性1455例,感染率为14.5%,平均年龄为(34.1±9.0)岁。25岁以下年龄组感染率明显高于其他年龄组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。2009-2010年感染率显著高于2006-2008年,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。前3位高危基因亚型是HPV16(22.4%)、52(12.1%)、58(11.3%);2联及以上混合感染178例,占12.2%;混合感染前10位HPV基因亚型构成中以高危基因亚型为主;从低年龄组到高年龄组,HPV多重基因亚型混合感染发生率呈现明显下降趋势(趋势χ2=32.350,P<0.01)。结论深圳市女性人群HPV阳性率较高,不同时期存在差异;在常见的高危亚型中,HPV18并不占主导地位;低年龄组HPV感染率和多重基因亚型混合感染率高;混合感染中以高危亚型联合其他基因型感染为主。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of cervical papillomavirus (HPV) infection in Shenzhen women. Methods Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and reverse oligonucleotide probe dot blot hybridization were used to analyze the genotypes of HPV infected persons who participated in cervical cancer screening in Shenzhen MCH for the past five years. Results A total of 9683 women were screened for cervical cancer. The number of HPV positive cases was 1455, with an infection rate of 14.5% and an average age of (34.1 ± 9.0) years. The infection rate in the age group under 25 years old was significantly higher than that in other age groups, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.01). The infection rate in 2009-2010 was significantly higher than that in 2006-2008, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.01). The top three high-risk genotypes were HPV16 (22.4%), 52 (12.1%), 58 (11.3%). Two or more mixed infections were found in 178 cases (12.2% High-risk genotypes predominated; from low to high age groups, the prevalence of HPV multiple subtypes was significantly decreased (trend χ2 = 32.350, P <0.01). Conclusions The positive rate of HPV in female population in Shenzhen is high, with differences in different periods. Among the common high-risk subtypes, HPV18 does not dominate; in low-age group, the HPV infection rate and mixed multiple subtypes are high; in mixed infection High-risk subtypes combined with other genotype infections.