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目的了解北京市昌平区中学生健康危险行为现状。方法采用多阶段随机整群抽样方法,抽取10所中学63个班级2 195名学生进行匿名自填式问卷调查。结果该区中学生健康危险行为普遍存在。在过去7 d里,每天中等强度锻炼不足0.5 h的占90.0%,每天活动不足1 h的占81.4%,每天看电视≥2 h的占50.1%,吃过西式快餐的占37.3%,每天玩电子游戏≥4 h的占25.1%等;在过去30 d里,在楼梯上追跑打闹推搡的占41.0%,控制食物摄入或吃低脂食物的占33.1%,骑车带人的占21.5%,醉酒的占19.0%,现在吸烟的占16.3%等;在过去1年里,玩滚轴溜冰滑板车等不戴保护装备的占27.9%,翻栏杆、墙头、校门等障碍物的占6.4%,有意伤害自己的占16.1%,曾受到严重伤害的占15.0%,看色情书籍和音像制品的占14.7%,重度饮酒的占14.60%,考虑过自杀的占13.7%等。第1次喝酒时≤13岁的占35.6%,尝试吸烟的占33.4%,网络成瘾的占14.50%;第1次吸完一整支烟时≤13岁的占12.8%,有性行为的占4.7%,被迫性行为的占2.4%等。结论影响该区中学生健康的原因呈多方面,中学生健康危险行为现状较为严重,应受到社会各界广泛关注。
Objective To understand the current status of health risk behaviors among middle school students in Changping District of Beijing. Methods A multistage randomized cluster sampling method was used to collect 2 195 students from 63 secondary schools in 63 anonymous self-administered questionnaires. Results The health risk behaviors of middle school students in this area were ubiquitous. In the past seven days, 90.0% of students exercised less than 0.5 h per day, 81.4% exercised less than 1 h per day, 50.1% of those who watched TV for more than 2 hours a day, 37.3% of those who ate western-style fast food and played daily Video games ≥ 4 h accounted for 25.1%, etc .; in the past 30 d, run on the stairs beat slapstick accounted for 41.0%, control of food intake or eating low fat foods accounted for 33.1%, riding with people Accounting for 21.5%, 19.0% were drunk, 16.3% are now smoking, etc. In the past year, 27.9% of people who did not wear protective equipment such as roller-skate scooters also had barriers such as railings, walls, and school gates Accounting for 6.4%; those who intend to hurt themselves accounted for 16.1%; those who had suffered serious injuries accounted for 15.0%; those who read pornography books and audio-visual products accounted for 14.7%; those who took heavy alcohol accounted for 14.60%; those who considered suicide accounted for 13.7%. 35.6% ≤13 years old when drinking alcohol, 33.4% trying smoking, 14.50% having internet addiction, 12.8% ≤13 years old when smoking the first cigarette, sexual behavior Accounting for 4.7%, forced sexual behavior accounted for 2.4% and so on. Conclusions There are many reasons that affect the health of middle school students in this area. The status quo of health risk behaviors of middle school students is more serious and should be widely concerned by all walks of life.