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为防治大豆菌核病,通过对黑龙江省农业科学院佳木斯分院病圃中分离纯化的大豆菌核病菌进行培养,对菌核萌发最适温度、在土壤中萌发最适深度、子囊盘的萌发期及栽培密度与菌核病菌侵染发病的关系等进行研究。结果表明:大豆菌核病菌最佳生长温度为20～25℃;菌核萌发的最适pH为5.0,在碱性环境中不能生长;土壤表面的菌核萌发力最强,5 cm以下菌核不能萌发;子囊盘萌发高峰期是在7月末,正值大豆R2期;大豆种植密度与菌核病发病的严重程度呈正相关,适当降低大豆种植密度,可有效防治大豆菌核病。
In order to prevent and cure soybean sclerotinia, the optimum conditions for sclerotial germination, the optimal germination depth in soil, the germination period of ascus plate and the seed germination were studied by culturing the sclerotinia sclerotiorum isolated from the nursery of Jiamusi Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences Cultivation density and the relationship between the incidence of sclerotinia infection research. The results showed that the optimum growth temperature of sclerotinia sclerotiorum was 20-25 ℃, the optimum pH of sclerotia was 5.0, and could not grow in alkaline environment. The sclerotiality of sclerotium on soil surface was the strongest, Can not germinate; Ascoch plate germination peak is at the end of July, positive soybean R2 period; soybean planting density and the severity of sclerotinia is positively correlated, appropriate to reduce the planting density of soybean can effectively control the sclerotialism.