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采用两步合成法制备了4种SO3H-功能化季铵盐离子液体,红外与核磁共振光谱表征结果表明,其结构符合理论结构特点.热稳定性分析表明,其分解温度都在200℃以上,均可作为制备生物柴油的催化剂.将这4种离子液体用于催化制备生物柴油,其催化活性主要与其阴离子的结构有关,[n-But3N(CH2)3SO3H][CH3SO3]的催化活性最好.甲醇:三油酸甘油酯摩尔比为12:1、催化剂用量7%(ω)、在65℃下反应24h时,油酸甲酯产率最高(89.65%).催化剂重复使用性能良好.
Four kinds of SO3H-functionalized quaternary ammonium salt ionic liquids were prepared by a two-step synthesis method. The results of IR and 1H-NMR showed that the structure was in accordance with the theoretical structure. The thermal stability analysis showed that the decomposition temperature was above 200 ℃, The catalytic activities of these four ionic liquids for the preparation of biodiesel were mainly related to the structure of their anions, and the catalytic activity of [n-But3N (CH2) 3SO3H] [CH3SO3] was the best. The molar ratio of methanol to glycerol trioleate is 12: 1, the amount of catalyst is 7% (ω), and the yield of methyl oleate is the highest (89.65%) after reacting for 24h at 65 ℃.