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目的了解2009年深圳市劳务工甲型肝炎的流行特征以及甲型肝炎病毒(hepatitis Avirus,HAV)IgG抗体水平。方法在深圳市44家工厂的4 088名劳务工中随机抽取1 003人的血样本,采用酶联免疫法(ELISA)检测抗-HAVIgG,采用SPSS 16.0软件分析处理数据。结果 1 003人中抗-HAVIgG阳性率为85.8%,抗体阳性率随着年龄的增加而升高;抗体阳性者平均年龄大于阴性者;抗体水平在男女之间、流水线工人和其他工种工人以及接种过甲肝疫苗与未接种过疫苗人群之间的差异无统计学意义;受教育程度越低、来深圳时间越长的工人,其抗体阳性率越高;来自海南、河北、云南、新疆、宁夏、江苏和吉林等省的劳务工人的抗体阳性率最高(100%);抗体阳性者家庭收入较阴性者低。结论深圳劳务工HAV感染率处于较高水平,抗体阳性率随年龄增加而升高,劳务工对免疫接种的认识贫乏,相关部门应该加强宣传指导,并建立持续完善的招工健康体检制度。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis A and the level of IgG antibodies against hepatitis A virus (HAV) in Shenzhen in 2009. Methods A total of 1 003 blood samples were collected from 4 088 labors in 44 factories in Shenzhen. The anti-HAV IgG was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and analyzed by SPSS 16.0 software. Results The positive rate of anti-HAVIgG was 85.8% in 1 003 patients. The positive rate of antibody increased with the increase of age. The average age of antibody positive people was greater than that of negative ones. The antibody level was between men and women, line workers and other workers, There was no significant difference between the group of over-hepatitis A vaccine and those not vaccinated. The lower the level of education, the higher the positive rate of antibody to workers from Shenzhen. Labors in Jiangsu and Jilin provinces had the highest antibody positive rates (100%); those with antibody positives had lower household incomes than those who were negative. Conclusion The HAV infection rate among laborers in Shenzhen is at a high level, and the antibody positive rate increases with age. Labors are poorly aware of immunization. Relevant departments should step up publicity and guidance and set up a continuous and perfect medical examination system.