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以栽培菊品种‘秀曼戴花’、‘6045-7’、‘猫眼’、‘T1012’、‘韩2’为母本,分别与菊属菊花脑×菊蒿属菊蒿(简称JJ)、菊属大岛野路菊×亚菊属多花亚菊(简称DD)和菊属大岛野路菊×芙蓉菊属芙蓉菊(简称DF)等3个属间F1杂种进行人工杂交及回交研究。结果发现,以‘秀曼戴花’、‘6045-7’为母本,与JJ杂交,未获得种子;‘猫眼’×DD杂交结实率及回交结实率均较低,而‘T1012’×DF及‘韩2’×DF杂交结实率较高,以‘T1012’×DF杂交后代为父本,与‘T1012’回交,成功获得回交后代。杂交及回交后代性状出现不同程度分离,并存在超亲个体。杂交及回交后代的染色体数并不都是父母本的平均值,存在非整倍体。耐盐性鉴定结果表明,以属间杂种为“桥梁”可将芙蓉菊及多花亚菊的耐盐性导入栽培菊花,提高了栽培菊花的耐盐性。
In order to cultivate the varieties of chrysanthemum, ’Show Man Daihua’, ’6045-7’, ’Cat’s Eye’, ’T1012’ and ’Han 2’ The hybrids and backcrossing studies were conducted on three F1 hybrids of Daisy (Daisy), Daisy of Daisy (DD) and Daisy of Daisy (Daisy), and Fufang Daisy (DF). The results showed that the hybrids with ’Jiuman Daihua’ and ’6045-7’ were not crossed with JJ, and the seed rate of ’cat’ × DD was lower than that of ’Jiuman Daihua’ and ’6045-7’ The seed setting rate of DF and ’Han 2’ × DF was high, and the progeny of ’T1012’ × DF were used as the male parent and backcrossed with ’T1012’. Hybrids and backcross progenies traits appear to different degrees of separation, and there is super-pro-individual. Chromosome number of hybrids and backcross progeny are not all the average of the parents, there is aneuploidy. Salt tolerance identification results showed that the interspecific hybrids as “bridge ” can be tolerant to the tolerance of the introduction of cultivated chrysanthemums to improve the salt tolerance of cultivated chrysanthemums.