一、传统企业体制的特点在传统的国家所有制系统内,自上而下、高度集中的计划经济模式规定了我国企业体制具有如下主要特点:(1) 企业采用政府行政级别制。这是政府直接参与经济活动、直接管理企业在干部制度上的一个重要保障。它成为企业经营者向上一级行政领导负责而不是向企业经营效益负责的病源,使我国企 I. Features of the traditional enterprise system Within the traditional system of state ownership, a top-down, highly centralized, planned economy model stipulates that China’s enterprise system has the following main characteristics: (1) Enterprises adopt a government-level administrative system. This is an important guarantee for the government to directly participate in economic activities and directly manage the enterprise’s cadre system. It has become the source of responsibility for corporate executives to the next level of executive leadership rather than being responsible for the company’s operating efficiency, so that the Chinese enterprises