社会的变革必然伴之以思想文化的变革。而真正具有革新意义的思想文化观念,又总是在符合特定时代和民族前进方向的基础上,通过批判、继承、吸取、改造中外优秀文化遗产而产生的。如果以此原则去审视中国近代以来的文艺变革与文艺理论的演进,便不难发现,它所走的道路同西方文艺演变的历程颇不相同。这是因为,近代的中国既不可能发生象欧洲那样的工业革命,形成资本主义完备的文化体系;也不可能产生象西方那样的文 Social change must be accompanied by the ideological and cultural changes. The truly innovative ideological and cultural concepts are always produced by criticizing, inheriting, absorbing and reforming the excellent cultural heritage both at home and abroad on the basis of adhering to the specific times and the direction of national progress. If we use this principle to examine the evolution of literary and art changes and the theory of literature and art in modern China, we can easily find that the path it took was quite different from that of the evolution of Western literature and art. This is because, in modern China, it is not possible for an industrial revolution like that in Europe to form a complete capitalist system of culture; it is also impossible to produce such a text as the West