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为明确河北省甘薯镰孢菌腐烂与溃疡病的症状特点和病原种类,在不同种植区采集储藏期和育秧期病样,描述其症状特征;对病原菌进行分离纯化,采用柯赫氏法则回接验证,依据病原菌的形态特征和基因序列确定病原菌种类。结果表明,在储藏期甘薯发病可导致薯块表面腐烂的占总病薯的59.09%,端部腐烂的占40.91%;薯块带有褐色轮纹病斑的占61.36%,病斑没有轮纹或者轮纹不明显的占38.64%;发病初期薯块内部病斑浅、黑褐色的占27.27%,发病后期薯块内部形成空腔、布满白色菌丝的占72.73%;病斑带有苦味的占59.09%,病斑没有苦味或苦味不明显的占40.91%;在育秧田发病导致薯秧溃疡,表现为主茎基部呈点片发生黑色或者褐色病斑,部分有开裂。分离的病原菌能够同时侵染薯块和薯秧;病原菌单瓶梗产孢,大型分生孢子稍弯,两端钝圆,多数3~7个分隔,顶细胞钝圆,基细胞足跟较明显。其rDNA-ITS、EF-1α、β-tubulin基因序列与茄镰孢菌Fusarium solani的同源性分别为97%、99%和98%。初步确定甘薯镰孢菌腐烂与溃疡病的病原菌为茄镰孢菌F.solani。
In order to clarify the symptom characteristics and pathogens of rot and ulcer disease in Fusarium of Sweet Potato in Hebei Province, the disease samples were collected during storage and seedling growing stages in different planting areas, and their symptoms and signs were characterized. The pathogens were isolated and purified by Koch's Law Verification, according to the morphological characteristics of the pathogen and gene sequence to determine the pathogen species. The results showed that during the storage period, sweetpotato disease caused 59.09% of the total tuberous rot and 40.91% of the end rotten rot in the tubers, 61.36% of brown tuberous spots in tubers, Or 38.64% of the unnoticeable rotten grains. In the early stage of disease, the internal lesion was shallow and dark brown, accounting for 27.27% of the total. In the late stage of the disease, the cavity was formed inside the tubercle, accounting for 72.73% of white mycelium. The lesion had a bitter taste Accounted for 59.09%, no bitter bitter or bitter taste was not obvious accounted for 40.91%; in seedling incidence of potato seedlings ulcer, the performance of the main base of the spot was black or brown spots, some cracking. Isolated pathogen can infect tuber and potato seedlings at the same time; pathogen single bottle stem sporulation, large conidia slightly curved, blunt round ends, the majority of 3 to 7 separate, top cell obtuse, more obvious cell heel . The sequences of rDNA-ITS, EF-1α and β-tubulin shared 97%, 99% and 98% identity with Fusarium solani respectively. Preliminary identification of Fusarium sweet potato decay and ulcer disease pathogen Fusarium solani F.solani.