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1.引言近年来有很多资料介绍了测定作用应力和残余应力的超声方法.由于实际构件应力分布的复杂性和材料组织结构对声速测量的影响,超声波应力分析方法的实际应用受到了限制,发展比较缓慢.然而,对于像螺栓、立柱等主要承受轴向应力的构件,用超声波方法测量其应力具有很大实际意义,它具有快速、简便和无损测量的特
1. INTRODUCTION There is a lot of information in recent years to introduce the ultrasonic method to determine the applied stress and residual stress. Due to the complexity of the stress distribution and the influence of the material structure on the sound velocity measurement, the practical application of the ultrasonic stress analysis method is limited. However, for components such as bolts and studs that mainly bear axial stress, it is of great practical significance to measure the stress by ultrasonic method, which has the advantages of fast, easy and non-destructive measurement