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文章摘要：现行全国高校统考招生成为全面推进素质教育的瓶颈，深入分析统考招生历史和应试教育产生条件，从而明确改革高考制度既要双向自主选择又要坚持公平原则的目标。实现这一目标必须从高考内容与形式同时着手，书面考试以能力为中心设必考工具课和自选专业课，统考内容要加强基础防止偏繁，可以借鉴全国自学分期考试模式，考生自选科目成绩一年有效。依托团中央教育部志愿者活动，常设组织考生社会实践分项考察以了解其品德、特长和创新能力，把分项考察量化成绩与书面考试成绩合成输入全国统考网站。高校和考生依据全国统考网站成绩资料，每年春夏两季定期在网上多次双向选择自动排队录取。建立高考招生社会实践考察制度，必将促进青少年全面发展有力推进素质教育，成为德治和法治相结合的科教兴国战略措施。
Summary：The practice of China’s national matriculation currently in effective has proved to be the bottleneck for progress of quality education in full range. Following an in-depth analysis of the matriculation system’s history as well as the factors giving birth to the examination-oriented education， an objective of system reform is hereinafter presented adhering to principles of bilateral selection and equity. The test along with its form have to be addressed in the reform， to be specific， written test shall focus on capabilities covering basic subjects as compulsory and specialized subjects as optional， while the test may be given by stages similar to the national self-taught examination. The achievement of optional subjects shall remain effective within 1 year. The candidates’ involvement and performance in social practices
Summary：The practice of China’s national matriculation currently in effective has proved to be the bottleneck for progress of quality education in full range. Following an in-depth analysis of the matriculation system’s history as well as the factors giving birth to the examination-oriented education， an objective of system reform is hereinafter presented adhering to principles of bilateral selection and equity. The test along with its form have to be addressed in the reform， to be specific， written test shall focus on capabilities covering basic subjects as compulsory and specialized subjects as optional， while the test may be given by stages similar to the national self-taught examination. The achievement of optional subjects shall remain effective within 1 year. The candidates’ involvement and performance in social practices