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为分析稻蟹共作和蟹单作模式下中华绒螯蟹肠道及养殖环境细菌群落组成的差异,利用Miseq平台对微生物16S rRNA基因V4区高通量测序,比较分析两种模式下的细菌群落变化。结果显示:两种模式下具有显著差异(P<0.05)菌门,肠道中为酸杆菌门(Acidobacteria)和互养菌门(Synergistetes);水体中为拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)、蓝细菌门(Cyanobacteria)、芽单胞菌门(Gemmatimonadetes)和Armatimonadetes菌门;底泥中为浮霉菌门(Planctomycetes)。两种模式下具有显著差异(P<0.05)菌属,肠道中有14个,水体中有18个,底泥中有13个。稻蟹共作与蟹单作肠道、水体、底泥的Chao、ACE丰富度指数,以及Shannon和Simpson多样性指数差异不显著。通过对两种模式下水体、土壤及肠道中具有显著差异(P<0.05)的分支杆菌属(Mycobacterium)、红杆菌属(Rhodobacter)、黄杆菌属(Flavobacterium)、硝化螺旋菌属(Nitrospira),蓝藻细菌门(Cyanobacteria)、酸杆菌门(Acidobacteria)、浮霉菌门(Planctomycetes)、柔膜菌门(Tenericutes)和厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)比较分析后发现:一些厌氧、高亚硝酸盐环境下的常见优势菌属在蟹单作水体、土壤中的丰度显著高于稻蟹共作,稻蟹共作条件下养殖河蟹的肠道微生物构成上更接近野生河蟹,其肠道细菌群落特点也反映出共作养殖环境优于单作模式,且有利于河蟹生长。
In order to analyze the difference of bacterial community composition in the intestinal tract and culture environment of Eriocheir sinensis between rice crab and single crab, the Miseq platform was used to carry out high-throughput sequencing on the 16S rRNA gene V4 region of microorganisms. Community changes. The results showed that there were significant differences between the two modes (P <0.05), Acidobacteria and Synergistetes in the gut, Bacteroidetes and Cyanobacteria Cyanobacteria, Gemmatimonadetes and Armatimonadetes, and Planctomycetes in the sediment. There was a significant difference between the two modes (P <0.05) of the genus, 14 in the gut, 18 in the water, and 13 in the sediment. Chao, ACE richness index, and Shannon and Simpson diversity index of rice crab co-production and single crab with intestine, water body and sediment were not significantly different. In this study, we analyzed the genetic diversity of Mycobacterium species, Rhodobacter species, Flavobacterium species, Nitrospira species, Cyanobacteria, Acidobacteria, Planctomycetes, Tenericutes and Firmicutes were comparatively analyzed and found that some anaerobic and high-nitrite environments The common dominant bacteria belonging to crab were single water body and the soil abundance was significantly higher than that of rice crab and common crab. The gut microbiota of cultured crabs were closer to wild crabs under the co-cultivation of rice crab and crab, Also reflects the co-culture environment is better than single-mode, and is conducive to crab growth.