采用单克隆抗体和免疫荧光技术检测２５例骨髓增生异常综合征（ＭＤＳ组）和２０例正常人（对照组）外周血Ｔ淋巴细胞亚群。结果ＭＤＳ组总Ｔ细胞（Ｔ２）百分比和绝对值较对照组均降低（Ｐ＜００１），抑制Ｔ细胞（Ｔ８）百分比和绝对值均增高（Ｐ＜００５），辅助Ｔ细胞（Ｔ４）与Ｔ８比值降低（Ｐ＜００１）而Ｔ４百分比和绝对值无明显差异（Ｐ＞００５），可能与多数患者检测前应用了激素等治疗有关。重度贫血者Ｔ４百分比和Ｔ４／Ｔ８比值较中度贫血者明显降低（Ｐ＜００５），而Ｔ８百分比无明显差异（Ｐ＞００５）。认为Ｔ淋巴细胞亚群的检测是ＭＤＳ患者免疫功能监测的有价值指标 T lymphocyte subsets in 25 cases of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS group) and 20 normal controls (control group) were detected by monoclonal antibody and immunofluorescence technique. Results The percentage and absolute value of total T cells (T2) in MDS group were significantly lower than those in control group (P <001) and the percentage of T cells (T8) and absolute value in MDS group were significantly increased (P <005) T4) to T8 (P <001), while the percentage of T4 had no significant difference (P> 005), which may be related to the treatment of most patients with hormones before the test. The percentages of T4 and T4 / T8 in patients with severe anemia were significantly lower than those in patients with moderate anemia (P <005), while the percentage of T8 was not significantly different (P0.05). It is considered that the detection of T lymphocyte subsets is a valuable indicator of immune function monitoring in MDS patients