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非编码RNAs(ncRNAs)是一大类不编码蛋白的RNA分子,它们从多层面调控基因的表达,影响机体细胞的代谢、增殖、分化、凋亡和肿瘤的发生、发展。部分发挥癌基因作用的ncRNAs如miR-19a、miR-125b、miR-616、miR-7、miR-221、MALAT-1、PRNCR1等在去势抵抗性前列腺癌(CRPC)组织或细胞系中表达上调,促进CRPC的发生、发展;而另一部分发挥抑癌基因作用可抑制或延缓CRPC发生、发展的ncRNAs如miR-185、miR-342、miR-15、miR-16、miR-146等却表达下调;此外,部分ncRNAs如miR-7、miR-19a、miR-125b、miR-221、MALAT-1等在血清或组织中差异表达可作为CRPC早期诊断及预后判断的生物学标志物。本文就这些ncRNAs在CRPC发生、发展、诊断及预后中的作用及研究进展进行了综述。
Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are a class of non-coding RNA molecules that regulate gene expression at multiple levels and affect the metabolism, proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis and tumorigenesis of the cells. Some of the ncRNAs such as miR-19a, miR-125b, miR-616, miR-7, miR-221, MALAT-1 and PRNCR1 which play the role of oncogenes are expressed in the ovarian cancer tissues or cell lines of castration-resistant prostate cancer Upregulation and promote the occurrence and development of CRPC; while the other part of the role of tumor suppressor gene can inhibit or delay the occurrence of CRPC, the development of ncRNAs such as miR-185, miR-342, miR-15, miR-16, miR- In addition, some of ncRNAs such as miR-7, miR-19a, miR-125b, miR-221, MALAT-1 and other differentially expressed in serum or tissue can be used as biological markers of early diagnosis and prognosis of CRPC. This review summarizes the roles and progress of these ncRNAs in the occurrence, development, diagnosis and prognosis of CRPC.