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观赏鱼种类繁多,形态各异,市场上多是以商品名命名,在物种鉴定分类上存在一定的难度。本研究基于线粒体COⅠ基因,探讨其在观赏鱼中物种鉴定与分类应用的可行性。通过PCR扩增,获取18种观赏鱼249个个体的COⅠ基因序列。基于Kimura双参数模型,利用MEGA软件计算18种观赏鱼种间和种内遗传距离,并构建系统进化树。结果显示,观赏鱼类的种间遗传距离明显大于种内遗传距离,线粒体COⅠ基因序列可以用于物种鉴定。在系统进化树中,系统进化关系跟传统分类方法所得数据一致性高。研究表明,观赏鱼线粒体COⅠ基因序列,在物种鉴定与进化分类上具有一定的应用价值。
Ornamental fish a wide range of different shapes, the market is mostly named after the product identification in the species classification there is a certain degree of difficulty. This study was based on the mitochondrial COI gene and its feasibility in species identification and classification of ornamental fish. The COⅠ gene sequences of 249 individuals from 18 species of ornamental fish were obtained by PCR amplification. Based on the Kimura two-parameter model, MEGA software was used to calculate the interspecific and intraspecific genetic distances among 18 species of ornamental fish, and phylogenetic tree was constructed. The results showed that the interspecific genetic distance of ornamental fish was significantly greater than the intraspecific genetic distance, and mitochondrial COI gene sequence could be used for species identification. In the phylogenetic tree, the phylogenetic relationship is consistent with the data obtained by traditional classification methods. Studies have shown that the ornamental fish mitochondrial CO Ⅰ gene sequences, in species identification and evolutionary classification has a certain value.