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应用多体系统动力学理论,建立了车辆-轨道耦合动力学模型,利用新型显式积分法求解动力学方程组,利用赫兹非线性弹性接触理论计算轮轨法向力,利用沈氏理论计算轮轨蠕滑力,编写了车辆-轨道耦合动力学计算程序,研究了轨道结构对高速列车动力学性能的影响,分析了不同横风环境下高速列车动力学性能和列车姿态。研究结果表明:当列车运行速度为350 km.h-1,横风速度为15 m.s-1时,车体最大横向加速度为0.45 m.s-2,车体最大垂向位移为24.5 mm,车体向背风侧横移80.0 mm,车体最大侧滚角为2.23°;一位轮对的最大轮重减载率接近0.80,二、四位轮对均向背风侧横移,背风侧车轮易发生爬轨现象,二位轮对的横向位移最大,为7.4 mm。在横风下,高速列车的运行安全性指标变差,车体振动加速度变化不明显,车体向背风侧横移。在所有轮对中,二位轮对最危险。
Based on the multi-body dynamics theory, the vehicle-track coupling dynamics model is established. The new explicit integral method is used to solve the dynamic equations. The wheel-rail normal force is calculated by Hertz nonlinear elastic contact theory. Track creep force, a program of vehicle-track coupling dynamics was compiled and the influence of track structure on the dynamic performance of high-speed trains was studied. The dynamic performance and train attitude of high-speed trains under different crosswind conditions were analyzed. The results show that the maximum lateral acceleration is 0.45 ms-2 and the maximum vertical displacement is 24.5 mm when the train speed is 350 km.h-1 and the cross wind speed is 15 ms-1. The wind side traverses 80.0 mm, and the maximum roll angle of the body is 2.23 °. The maximum wheel load reduction ratio of one wheel pair is close to 0.80. Both the second and fourth wheel sets traverse to the lee side, and the leeward side wheel is prone to climb Rail phenomenon, the largest lateral displacement of the two wheel pairs, 7.4 mm. Under the cross wind, the running safety index of high-speed train becomes worse, and the variation of vehicle’s vibration acceleration is not obvious, and the body moves to the lee side. In all rounds, the two-wheel pair is the most dangerous.