尽管中国自1978年以来发生了巨变,但一些连贯性的因素还继续存在。路径依赖的概念可以通过区别政策制定和执行的两个层次来说明:策略性的和纲领性的/战略性的。路径依赖体现在制度操作中,而不一定要体现在具体的方案中。这一观点可以帮助人们去理解变化中的连贯性,也为将路径依赖这个概念延伸到政体中提供了一个方式,政体中的连贯性存在于政治家对于选民的民主选举的问责之外。近期中国的失业保障和贫困人口救济计划正体现了这一论断。 Although China has changed dramatically since 1978, some coherent factors continue to exist. The concept of path dependence can be illustrated by two levels of differentiation between policy formulation and implementation: strategic and programmatic / strategic. Path dependence is reflected in the operation of the system, but not necessarily reflected in the specific program. This view can help people to understand the changing coherence and provide a way to extend the notion of path dependence into the polity, whose coherence lies in politicians' accountability for the democratic election of voters. This assertion is reflected in the recent unemployment insurance and poverty relief programs in China.