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二战期间,随着西方垄断资本主义政治制度弊端的日益暴露,人类面临着信仰的缺失,以及孤独感的加重。在纳粹统治下的欧洲广大地区的人民从旁观者变成了介入者、受害者,当人们经历了极限的境遇之后,人们渐渐地认识到萨特所阐释的生命意识。我们从对文本的审美体验中发现,在极端的状态下,理性丧失其固有的本能。《墙》中孤独意识表现在三个层面上,即语言孤独、思维孤独、行为孤独,最终发出现代人对偶然的荒诞世界的无力感这一人学命题,以及人能够通过自由选择而获取自身的存在。
During the Second World War, with the increasing exposure of the malpractices of the Western monopoly capitalist political system, mankind was faced with the lack of faith and the aggravation of loneliness. People in the vast area of Europe under Nazi regime turned from onlookers to interveners and victims, and people gradually realized the sense of life Sartre explained when people experienced the ultimate situation. We find from the aesthetic experience of the text that in the extreme state, reason loses its inherent instincts. The “lonely” consciousness in the “wall” is manifested on three levels: the loneliness of language, the loneliness of thinking, the loneliness of behavior, the humanistic proposition that finally sends out the feeling of powerlessness of the modern people against the occasional absurdity, and the ability of people to gain their own freedom by choosing exist.