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中国古代的祭祀对象,最引人注目的有两类,一类是天地、日月等,属于自然崇拜;另一类是血缘亲属,属于祖先崇拜。但还有一类祭祀对象,既非自然神柢,也非血缘亲属,而是文明的先驱,如农业、蚕桑、医学等科学领域的始创人,给人类以无限的福祉,可惜大多不知其姓名,祭祀时只能用“先农”、“先蚕”、“先医”等来代称。稍有例外的是对“先师”的祭祀,人们不仅确知受祭者是孔丘,仪式也最为隆重。
Ancient Chinese sacrificial objects, the most striking of the two categories, one is the world, the sun and the moon, belong to the natural worship; the other is blood relatives, belonging to ancestor worship. However, there is another category of sacrificial object, which is neither a god nor a blood relative, but a pioneer of civilization, such as pioneers of agriculture, silkworm mulberry, medicine and other scientific fields, which give infinite benefits to human beings, but most do not know their names , Sacrifice can only be used “farmer ”, “first silkworm ”, “first doctor ” and so on behalf of. With a few exceptions is the worship of the “teacher”, people not only confirmed that the subject is Confucius, the ceremony is also the most solemn.