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目的了解老年慢性病出院患者的生活质量及其影响因素,为制订针对性的出院指导提供依据。方法 2015年1—6月采用简明健康状况调查表、护理需求调查表、老年抑郁量表和日常生活能力调查表对232例出院老年慢性病患者进行现况调查,分析生活质量的影响因素以及生活质量与护理需求、抑郁、活动能力的相关性。结果经多重线性回归分析,影响老年慢性病出院患者的生活质量的主要因素有性别、独居与否、有无配偶、生活能否自理、参加体育活动、慢性病数目、疾病对日常生活影响、有无后遗症,部分因子与年龄、文化程度、家庭经济收入、体质指数有关(均P<0.05);相关性分析发现,慢性病出院老人生活质量与需求总分、抑郁分值均呈负相关(均P<0.05);慢性病出院老人生活质量与生理性日常生活能力、工具性日常生活能力、活动能力总分均呈正相关(均P<0.05)。结论影响老年慢性病出院患者的生活质量的因素众多,护士在实施出院护理时,重点应关注高龄、无配偶、独居、生活不能自理的患者,并有针对性地做好出院指导,满足老年慢性病患者的生活质量。
Objective To understand the quality of life of elderly patients with chronic diseases discharged and their influencing factors, and to provide basis for the development of targeted discharge guidance. Methods From January to June 2015, 232 cases of elderly patients discharged from hospital were surveyed using the Concise Health Checklist, Nursing Requirement Questionnaire, Depression Rating Scale and Daily Living Questionnaire, and the influencing factors of quality of life and quality of life Dependency on nursing needs, depression and mobility. Results Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the main factors affecting the quality of life of discharged elderly patients with chronic diseases were gender, solitary or not, spouse or not, life or not, participation in physical activity, the number of chronic diseases, the impact of disease on daily life, , And some factors were related to age, educational level, family income and body mass index (all P <0.05). Correlation analysis showed that there was a negative correlation between quality of life and total demand and depression scores ). The quality of life of elderly patients discharged from chronic diseases showed positive correlation with physiological daily living ability, instrumental daily living ability and total activity ability (all P <0.05). Conclusion There are many factors influencing the quality of life of discharged elderly patients with chronic diseases. During the discharge nursing, the nurses should pay attention to the elderly, spouse, living alone and unable to take care of themselves. The quality of life