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目的 观察米索前列醇用于预防妊娠高血压综合征(妊高征)患者产后出血的效果。方法 选择100例妊娠高血压综合征患者随机分为实验组及对照组各50例,实验组50例在胎儿娩出后立即给予口服米索前列醇400μg。对照组50例患者在胎儿娩出后立即臀部肌肉注射缩宫素20IU。观察两组患者在第三产程时间、产后出血量、产后出血发生率及米索前列醇组使用药物前、后的血压变化。结果 ①实验组第三产程时间(6. 8±2. 45)min,产后出血(168. 8±83. 4)ml,产后出血发生率4%(2/50)。对照组:第三产程时间(9 1±2 65)min,产后出血(272 9±116 6)ml,产后出血发生率22%(12/50)。两组相比实验组第三产程时间、产后出血量及产后出血发生率皆明显小于对照组(P<0. 01)。②实验组患者服药前收缩压(151 .5±15 .75)mmHg,舒张压(94 .75±13 .95)mmHg,服药后收缩压(145 .5±14 .94)mmHg,舒张压(94 .4±9 .4)mmHg。服药后收缩压和舒张压均有所下降。与对照组比较差异无显著性(P>0 .05)。结论 妊娠高血压综合征患者胎儿娩出后口服米索前列醇吸收快,能产生强大的子宫收缩,缩短第三产程,减少产后出血,是一种简便、安全、高效的预防妊高征患者产后出血的方法。
Objective To observe the effect of misoprostol in preventing postpartum hemorrhage in patients with pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH). Methods 100 cases of pregnancy induced hypertension syndrome were randomly divided into experimental group and control group, 50 cases in the experimental group, 50 cases were given oral misoprostol 400μg immediately after the fetus was delivered. In the control group, 50 patients received intramuscular injection of oxytocin 20IU immediately after delivery of the fetus. The changes of blood pressure in the two groups were observed in the third stage of labor, the amount of postpartum hemorrhage, the incidence of postpartum hemorrhage and the misoprostol group. Results ① The duration of the third stage of labor in the experimental group (6.8 ± 2.45) min, postpartum hemorrhage (168.8 ± 83.4) ml, postpartum hemorrhage rate of 4% (2/50). Control group: the third stage of labor (9 1 ± 2 65) min, postpartum hemorrhage (272 9 ± 116 6) ml, postpartum hemorrhage rate of 22% (12/50). Two groups compared with the experimental group of the third stage of labor time, postpartum hemorrhage and postpartum hemorrhage were significantly less than the control group (P <0.01). ② The experimental group had systolic blood pressure (151.5 ± 15 .75) mmHg, diastolic blood pressure (94.75 ± 13.95) mmHg, systolic blood pressure (145.5 ± 14.94) mmHg, diastolic blood pressure 94 .4 ± 9 .4) mmHg. After taking systolic and diastolic blood pressure decreased. Compared with the control group, there was no significant difference (P> 0.05). Conclusions Pregnant women with pregnancy-induced hypertension (BPH) have a rapid absorption of misoprostol after delivery and can produce strong uterine contractions, shorten the third stage of labor and reduce postpartum hemorrhage. It is a simple, safe and effective method to prevent postpartum hemorrhage in patients with PIH Methods.